"Toxicity testing is used to assess the safety or hazards presented by substances such as industrial chemicals, consumer products, and pharmaceuticals. At present, many methods involve laboratory animals. Alternative procedures, some involving human cell-based technologies, are now being developed which reduce, refine, or replace animal usage and minimize the pain and distress caused. These new tests must protect public health and the en ..."
"This book provides information on best practices and new thinking regarding the validation of alternative methods for toxicity testing. It covers the validation of experimental and computational methods and integrated approaches to testing and assessment. Validation strategies are discussed for methods employing the latest technologies such as tissue-on-a-chip systems, stem cells and transcriptomics, and for methods derived from pathway ..."
"This book provides comprehensive information on the alternative (non-animal) dermal toxicity test methods currently available for industrial, regulatory, and academic use and also explores potential future developments. It encompasses all areas of dermal toxicity, including skin irritation, skin corrosion, skin sensitization, UV-induced effects, and skin genotoxicity. An individual chapter is devoted to each test method, with coverage ..."
"Chantra Eskes, Erwin van Vliet, Howard I. Maibach. Rico Brendtke, Bart De
Wever, Florian Groeber, Jan Hansmann, Freia Schmid, and Heike Walles 42.1
State of the Art of High-Throughput Screening High-throughput screening (HTS)
is a technique well known for the identification of hits in drug discovery [1–3]. For
the selection of promising lead candidates, thousands of molecules have to be
tested [4]. Therefore, the automation of the ..."
"Most HTAs are performed using highly automated processes developed on
custom-built robotic platforms and are therefore ... Transferability, one of the
assessments of reliability along with inter-laboratory repeatability, is important
because (i) it provides ... Since many HTAs are adapted from previously existing
lowthroughput methods (i.e. manual protocols), the most ... biological pathway
may be useful in confirming or at least s ..."